每個女人都要會的自我檢測！每天一分鐘，用 3 個簡單步驟落實乳癌預防

相信，不少人都有過胸部腫脹的經驗，可能出現在孕期或是生理期，這些現象和女性的荷爾蒙變化有著密切的關連性。然而，令人聞之色變的乳癌，有時也具有同樣的症狀，我們又應該如何辨別與預防呢？

先確實認識自己的身體

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圖片來源：Pixabay

台北長庚醫院乳房外科，助理教授級主治醫師蔡秀佩醫師提醒，身為女性，一定要對自己的胸部有基本的了解，從觸感、外觀等方面觀察，又可從下列 6 點來做分辨：

1. 由於荷爾蒙影響，孕期和生理期前後乳房外觀較硬、較腫脹，建議在生理期結束後再自我檢查，若有發現兩側乳房不對稱的硬塊便要到醫院做進一步的確診。

2. 腋下淋巴結腫大。

3. 乳房大小或外觀改變。

4. 乳房皮膚有凹陷、皺摺，或顏色、觸感有改變。

5. 乳頭有分泌物出現。

6. 乳頭出現凹陷或方向歪斜的變化。

若平常有在注意自己的身體，當有以上狀況出現時便會很明顯，越快發現異處，就可以越快揪出病灶。（延伸閱讀：發生率為女性癌症第一名！粉紅 10 月，共同攜手防治乳癌）

自我檢查這樣做

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圖片來源：Pexels@ Vitória Santos

此外，大家可以利用洗澡的時間，透過輕輕的按壓乳房，確認是否有異物感，或是不均勻的現象，詳細的步驟如下：

1. 站在鏡子前將雙手舉高，仔細觀察胸部的皮膚、外型有沒有變化。

2. 運用食指、中指、無名指三指指腹，延行按摩胸部。

3. 再按到腋下位置，確認有無淋巴結腫大的問題。

蔡秀佩醫師說明，除了洗澡之外，也可以在睡前躺在床上時按摩檢測，主要是可以確認兩邊乳房是否有不對稱的硬塊或腫脹。（延伸閱讀：腹痛、頭暈、脾氣差…生理期前總是苦不堪言？婦產科醫師：「罪魁禍首是『經前症候群』」！）